Guides
Short, plain-English explanations of the metrics behind the free max pain and GEX pages. Written for someone who has never priced an option: every formula is worked through by hand, every limitation is stated in the same breath as the number, and every guide ends with the latest nightly levels so you can check the idea against today's market.
These are reference entries — look up the one concept you need. If you want a structured path from zero instead, start with Learn: four lessons in order.
What is max pain?
Step 1 · about 7 minutes
The expiration price where option buyers are paid the least. Two vocabulary words, then the entire calculation worked through by hand on a five-strike example — including the payout table at every candidate settlement price — and a straight account of what the pinning research does and does not show.
Covers: strike price · open interest · the payout sum · call and put walls · expiration-day pinning
Call wall and put wall
Step 2 · about 8 minutes
The two strikes carrying the most call and put open interest — found by counting, with no model and no volatility assumption. Worked on a real chain, then set against the gamma wall, which sounds like the same idea and is not: one is arithmetic anyone can reproduce, the other is a Black-Scholes estimate. Ends with what we have not measured about either.
Covers: open interest vs volume · finding a wall is counting · call wall vs gamma wall · why the two disagree · what we do not claim
What is gamma exposure (GEX)?
Step 3 · about 8 minutes
Why the dealer who sold you an option has to keep trading stock all day. Delta, then gamma, then the arithmetic that turns one contract into a dollar hedging requirement — and the single assumption underneath every free GEX number on the internet, which you should know about before you trust one.
Covers: delta vs gamma · the dealer hedge · net and gross GEX · the gamma flip level · why the sign can be wrong
What is zero gamma in trading?
Step 4 · about 6 minutes
The one number people misread most in options positioning data. Zero gamma and the gamma flip are the same thing; it is not a place where gamma is absent, and it is not a level to trade against. What each side of it implies, how to read it off a real gamma exposure chart, and the five things it does not tell you.
Covers: zero gamma = gamma flip · reading a gamma exposure chart · above, below and sitting on it · why distance beats the level · what it does not tell you
Max pain vs gamma exposure
Step 5 · about 6 minutes
Two numbers from the same open interest that answer different questions: one names a price, the other describes how the market is likely to behave. A worked contrast, the four configurations you will actually see, and what a disagreement between them is really telling you.
Covers: side-by-side comparison · a worked contrast · reading the four cases · what the evidence supports
What is open interest?
Step 6 · about 6 minutes
The raw material under every number on this site. How open interest differs from volume, how contracts are created and destroyed, why the count settles only once a day — and the ladder of metrics built on top of it, ordered by how many assumptions each one adds.
Covers: volume vs open interest · how OI is created and destroyed · the once-a-day settlement · the metric ladder · the two beginner mistakes
Max pain calculator
Step 7 · about 5 minutes
A calculator that has already run: nightly levels for every covered ticker, plus the exact spreadsheet recipe to reproduce and verify any of them. Also covers why "live" max pain calculators are recomputing last night's open interest, and the two checks that explain most calculator disagreements.
Covers: tonight's levels, every ticker · the spreadsheet recipe · why nightly equals live here · why calculators disagree
What is pin risk?
Step 8 · about 6 minutes
Two ideas share the word "pin". Pin risk is settlement mechanics: the close lands on a strike and sellers cannot know their position until assignment notices arrive. Pinning is a behavioral claim that has to be measured. This page covers the mechanics, then hands you to our nightly measurement.
Covers: exercise by exception · whose problem it is · pin risk vs pinning vs max pain · the ladder of claims
What is a gamma squeeze?
Step 9 · about 7 minutes
The hedging loop behind the headlines: call buying forces dealer share buying, rising prices force more of it, and the loop feeds itself until the fuel runs out. The five steps, what ends a squeeze, and what the squeeze-prone configuration looks like in nightly GEX data — without the mythology.
Covers: the loop in five steps · gamma squeeze vs short squeeze · negative GEX as terrain · why it gets over-diagnosed
Read them in order
They are built to stack. Max pain comes first because it needs no model at all — if you can add, you can verify it yourself, which is the right way to meet your first options metric. Call and put walls come next while you are still in model-free territory: they are the same open-interest table read a different way, one strike at a time instead of the whole chain at once. Gamma exposure comes third because it introduces the machinery, delta and gamma, that the rest of options data is built on — and it is the first number on this list that is an estimate rather than a count. Zero gamma comes fourth: it takes the single most misread number from the gamma toolkit and gives it a page of its own, which only makes sense once you know where that number comes from. The comparison comes last, because its whole point is that two numbers from identical data can answer completely different questions — which only lands once you have seen both calculations.
If you want the habit of mind before the metrics, how to read a trading probability on the Learn track covers base rates, calibration and the four questions to ask of any quoted statistic — including the ones in these guides.
See the numbers on today's data
Every concept in these guides has a page with today's data behind it. We publish max pain, put/call ratios and open-interest walls for 43 tickers, plus gamma exposure for 43 of them, recomputed nightly from end-of-day open interest. Latest snapshot: 2026-09-03. Free, no key, no login.
Browse max pain by ticker Browse GEX by ticker
What these guides will never do
They will not tell you to buy or sell anything, and they will not present a number without its limits. Quant Data's whole reason for existing is that the honest numbers in trading are small — a genuine edge tends to look like 52% to 56%, not 90% — and that the folklore quoting 90% figures measured out roughly seven to ten percentage points lower when we finally tested it. The options guides get the same treatment: what the calculation supports, and where it stops.
Beyond options: Learn covers the wider path into quantitative trading,
and AI Skills covers the scaffolding for pointing an AI agent at
market data. The two metrics these guides explain also exist as JSON endpoints —
/v1/maxpain and /v1/gamma — and one $149/month plan covers
all four Quant Data endpoints, the other two being
Brooks price-action events and
volume-wave events, each published with its measured rates,
including the markets where it fails. See pricing.
Levels shown inside these guides are derived metrics computed nightly from end-of-day open interest — not raw market data, not live quotes (how we compute them). Educational only: not investment advice, not a recommendation, not a price forecast.